Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: 4-OI Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Injury via Regulating Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651444

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of OI on the infiltration of innate immune cells and oxidative stress in mice. (A) Immunofluorescence detection of F4/80-positive cells in hepatic sections from each group; DAPI was used to show nucleus. (B) Immunohistochemical detection of Ly6G-positive cells in liver sections of each group. (C) Positive F4/80 cells per field were analyzed for five visual fields per liver sections from each group. (D) Positive Ly6G cells per field were analyzed in five visual fields per liver section from each group. (E) The activities of SOD were measured in each group. (F) TBARS levels were measured in each group. (G) Activities of MPO were evaluated in each group. (H) The GSH/GSSG ratio was measured in each group. Original magnification, ×200. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 5 for each group); # p < 0.05 vs. control group; * p < 0.05 vs. CCl4-treated group.

Article Snippet: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay kit was obtained from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemical staining, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: 4-OI Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Injury via Regulating Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651444

Figure Lengend Snippet: ML385 diminished the protective effects of OI in CCl4-induced liver injury in mice. Representative H&E staining images for the necrotic area (A) and TUNEL staining hepatic sections for necrotic cells (B) from the CCl4, OI + CCl4 OI + CCl4 + ML385 group. ML385 blocked the protective effect of OI. Next, the statistical analysis of necrotic area (C) and quantification of TUNEL-positive cells (D) were performed. Serum activities of ALT (E) and AST (F) were analyzed in CCl4, OI + CCl4, and OI + CCl4 + ML385 groups. SOD (G) activity and the level of TBARS (H) were analyzed in the CCl4, OI + CCl4, and OI + CCl4 + ML385 groups. Original magnification, ×200. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 5 for each group); # p < 0.05 vs. CCl4 group; * p < 0.05 vs. CCl4 + OI group.

Article Snippet: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay kit was obtained from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Staining, TUNEL Assay, Activity Assay

Journal: Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association

Article Title: Blocking Interleukin-4 Receptor α Using Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanocarriers to Inhibit Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation

doi: 10.4143/crt.2016.091

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell viability and oxidative stress generation assessments of the in vitro effects of SPION-IL4Rα, DOX, or combined SPION-IL4Rα+DOX. MTT assay (A) and TBARS assay (B) were performed to assess cell viability and oxidative stress generation, respectively, in 4T1 cancer cells. Analyses were performed after incubation for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Data are expressed as the mean±standard error, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. NT, no treatment; SPION-IL4Rα, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with anti–interleukin-4 receptor α [IL4Rα] blocking antibodies; DOX, doxorubicin; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrasodium bromide; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

Article Snippet: A thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) parameter assay kit was used to measure the overall oxidative stress in 4T1 cells caused by either SPION-IL4Rα, DOX, or combined SPION-IL4Rα+DOX at different time intervals relative to controls.

Techniques: In Vitro, MTT Assay, TBARS Assay, Incubation, Blocking Assay